Michigan Rabbits 101: Identification, Behavior, and Seasonal Activity

Rabbits are a common sight across Michigan, from suburban backyards to forest edges and open meadows. These small mammals may appear harmless, but when their populations grow or they begin nesting near homes, they can quickly become a nuisance. Understanding how to identify local rabbit species, recognize their behaviors, and anticipate their seasonal activity is essential for effective wildlife management. Here's your complete guide to Michigan’s rabbits.

Identifying Michigan Rabbits

In Southeast Michigan, the most commonly encountered rabbit species is the Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus). This small mammal is easily recognized by its brownish-gray fur, white underbelly, and distinctive white, fluffy tail that resembles a cotton ball. Adults typically measure between 14 to 17 inches in length and weigh 2 to 4 pounds. Their ears are relatively short compared to hares and often rest flat or slightly raised.

Occasionally, residents may confuse juvenile rabbits for rodents or confuse hares (like snowshoe hares found in northern Michigan) for local cottontails. But in Southeast Michigan, the Eastern Cottontail is by far the most common.

Rabbit Behavior Basics

Rabbits are crepuscular, meaning they’re most active during the early morning and late evening hours. They rely on keen senses of smell and hearing to detect predators and navigate their environment.

Key behaviors to note:

  • Feeding Habits: They are strict herbivores, feeding on grasses, clover, bark, and garden vegetables. In winter, they may gnaw on twigs and tree bark, especially in snowy conditions when ground vegetation is scarce.

  • Breeding and Nesting: Breeding season begins as early as late February and can last into September. A single female can have several litters per year, with each litter containing 3–8 young.

  • Nesting Sites: Nests are shallow depressions in the ground lined with fur and grass—often surprisingly close to human activity, including lawns and gardens.

  • Territoriality: While not aggressively territorial, rabbits maintain familiar ranges and will return to favorable feeding or nesting spots regularly.

Seasonal Activity in Michigan

Michigan’s seasons greatly influence rabbit behavior and visibility:

Spring (March–May)

  • Breeding kicks off in full force.

  • Young rabbits, or kits, begin to appear in yards and fields.

  • Vegetation growth offers abundant food.

Summer (June–August)

  • Peak activity for feeding and reproduction.

  • Gardens become prime targets for foraging.

  • More frequent daytime sightings during cooler hours.

Fall (September–November)

  • Rabbits begin to build up fat reserves.

  • Less breeding, but increased feeding.

  • Look for signs of digging and ground disturbance as they prepare for winter.

Winter (December–February)

  • Activity slows but doesn’t stop.

  • Rabbits adapt by feeding on woody plants.

  • Tracks in snow often reveal their paths, especially around shrubs and outbuildings.

When Rabbits Become a Problem

Despite their gentle appearance, rabbits can cause significant issues for homeowners and gardeners. Their constant feeding can result in damaged gardens, chewed ornamental plants, and gnawed tree bark—especially during winter months when other food sources are scarce. They also tend to nest in areas with frequent human activity, such as lawns, flower beds, or under decks, which can create conflicts with pets or children. In some cases, a large rabbit presence may even attract predators like foxes, coyotes, or birds of prey to residential areas, increasing potential risks. When these problems begin to interfere with daily life, it’s time to consider a humane and effective wildlife control strategy.

What You Can Do

If rabbits are becoming a nuisance on your property, Wildlife X Team of SE Michigan is here to help. Our team specializes in humane wildlife control solutions tailored to your environment. Whether you need exclusion barriers, habitat modification tips, or direct assistance with nesting issues, we have the experience to keep your home safe and rabbit-free. Contact us today to schedule an inspection.